Academic Skills Human Geography and Spatial Planning

Title of the publication

The standard structure of a reference in the bibliography:

<surname author>, <author’s initials>. (<year of publication>). <title of the publication>. <place of publication>.


The title listed in the bibliography must be exactly the same as the title as stated on the publication. That means you need to use exactly the same words and punctuation. The first word of the title and the first word of the sub-title must be written with a capital letter, as must proper nouns. The title is followed by a full stop.

  • When referencing an article, the title must be written normally (in non-italics).

García, M. (2006). Citizenship practices and urban governance in European cities. Urban Studies, 43(4), 745-765.

 

  • When referencing a book or report, titles must be written in italics.

Isin, E.F. & Turner, B.S. (Eds.) (2002). Handbook of citizenship studies. London: Sage.


Author         Date         Title         Publication Information